__init__ vs __new__

__init__	__new__
is the constructor of the class and it is called after the object has been created	is the method that creates the object and it is called before the object has been created
is an instance method and it is used when you want to control the initialization of a new instance	is a static method and it is used when you want to control the creation of a new instance

To be honest, I have used __new__ very few times and I can only think of a few cases where it might be useful.

For example, if you want to create a Singleton class, you can override __new__ to return the same instance every time.

class Singleton:
    _instance = None
 
    def __new__(cls):
        if cls._instance is None:
            cls._instance = super().__new__(cls)
        return cls._instance
 
s1 = Singleton()
s2 = Singleton()
print(s1 is s2) # True

The file Singleton Python Class Example contains yet another way to create a Singleton class in case you’re interested.